In a variable annuity, where are the payments made by the annuitant invested?

In a variable annuity, the payments made by the annuitant are invested in the insurer's separate account. This separate account is distinct from the insurer’s general account and is specifically designed for the investment of variable annuity premiums. The assets in the separate account are typically allocated among different investment options, such as mutual funds, which allow the value of the annuity to fluctuate based on the performance of those chosen investments.

This setup provides the potential for higher returns compared to fixed annuities, where payments are invested in a general account that guarantees a fixed interest rate. The investment risk in a variable annuity is borne by the annuitant, as the value can increase or decrease based on market conditions. This characteristic of variable annuities emphasizes the importance of understanding the investment choices available within the separate account, as these choices directly impact the eventual payout upon annuitization.